![]() ![]() The word is attested in German from 1791. The proposed definition offers a nascent ascriptive characterization of VCs along five dimensions of participants, purpose, platforms, protocols and persona – together constituting the 5 Ps of VCs. artifact (n.) 1821, artefact, 'artificial production, anything made or modified by human art,' from Italian artefatto, from Latin arte 'by skill' (ablative of ars 'art ' see art (n.)) + factum 'thing made,' from facere 'to make, do' (from PIE root dhe- 'to set, put'). See full entry for 'artefact' Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. Definitions from seminal research studies in these domains are subsequently synthesized to propose an interdisciplinary socio-technical definition of VCs. artefact (tfkt ) countable noun An artefact is an ornament, tool, or other object that is made by a human being, especially one that is historically or culturally interesting. These include: computer mediated communication community informatics knowledge management and internet marketing. Following this review, the chapter provides a summary of four interdisciplinary literature domains that have significantly contributed to the body of knowledge on VCs. Key issues and theoretical orientations from four research streams are discussed, namely: sociological/psychological technological business/management and economic perspectives. Firstly, the chapter offers a brief synopsis of research fields that form the basis of socio-technical research on VCs. ![]()
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